Endotheliale Dystrophien und Degenerationen der Hornhaut

Das Hornhautendothel als innerste Schicht der menschlichen Augenhornhaut fungiert einerseits als Barriere zwischen Kammerwasser und Hornhaut sowie andererseits über seine Pumpfunktion als Garant einer kompensierten Hornhaut. Angeborene Dystrophien oder altersbedingte Veränderungen und Degenerationen der Endothelschicht können diese Funktionen beeinträchtigen und werden in diesem Übersichtsartikel dargestellt.

Abstract

The corneal endothelium is the innermost layer of the human cornea and it acts as a barrier between the aqueous humor and the corneal stroma, thus maintaining the hydration of the cornea. Both congenital dystrophies including (1) Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), (2) posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD), (3) congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED), (4) X-linked endothelial corneal dystrophy (XECD) and age-related degenerations like (5) pseudoexfoliation-related (PEX) keratopathy, (6) pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK), (7) iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndromes and endothelial graft rejection after keratoplasty can impair this function and are described in this review article.

Schlüsselwörter

Endotheldystrophie - Keratoplastik - Hornhaut-Dekompensation

Keywords

corneal endothelium - corneal dystrophy - keratoplasty - DMEK - bullous keratopathy

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